Glycerol, inozivikanwawo seglycerin kana propane-1,2,3-triol
Glycerol, inozivikanwawo seglycerin kana propane-1,2,3-triol, chinhu chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Imvura isina ruvara, isina hwema, ine viscous ine kuravira kunotapira. Glycerol ine hygroscopic, zvichireva kuti inokwezva uye inochengeta mamorekuru emvura kubva munzvimbo dzakatenderedza. Hunhu uhwu hunoiita chinhu chakakosha mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana, anosanganisira zvizoro, mishonga, chikafu, uye zvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza munhu.
Zvivakwa
Glycerol ine huremu hwemamorekuru hunosvika 92.09 g/mol. Inonyungudika zvakanyanya mumvura uye ine poindi yekufashaira ye290°C. Musanganiswa uyu unozivikanwa nekunaka kwayo kwakanyanya uye hunhu hwe hygroscopic, izvo zvinoita kuti ikwanise kuchengetedza hunyoro zvinobudirira. Hunhu uhwu hunoita kuti glycerol ive humectant yakanaka kwazvo, inokwanisa kuchengetedza hunyoro muzvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana.
Nzira dzekugadzira
Glycerol inogona kugadzirwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kugadzira makemikari uye kuburitsa zvinhu zvakasikwa. Imwe nzira inowanzo shandiswa inosanganisira hydrolysis yemafuta nemafuta, izvo zvinoburitsa glycerol sechinhu chinobva muzvinhu. Imwe nzira inzira yekugadzira propylene, iyo inosanganisira maitiro akadai se chlorination ne oxygenation. Pamusoro pezvo, glycerol inogona kugadzirwa kuburikidza ne saponification ye triglycerides ne sodium hydroxide, zvichikonzera glycerol nesipo. Mumakore achangopfuura, indasitiri ye biodiesel yave sosi yakakosha ye glycerol, ichiigadzira sechinhu chinobva muzvinhu panguva ye transesterification yemafuta emuriwo.
Mashandisirwo
Kugona kweGlycerol kushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana kunoonekwa mukushandiswa kwayo kwakasiyana-siyana mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana:
Zvizoro uye Kutarisirwa Kwemunhu: Glycerol chinhu chakakosha muzvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvekushongedza, zvinosanganisira mafuta ekuzora, makirimu, uye zvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza bvudzi. Inobatsira kuchengetedza mvura yeganda uye inovandudza magadzirirwo uye kupararira kwemafuta acho. Sekureva kwePersonal Care Products Council, glycerol inoshandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvekunaka zvinopfuura 23,366, kazhinji pahuwandu hunosvika 99.4%.
Mishonga: Glycerol inoshandiswa semushonga unonyungudutsa, unonaka, uye unonhuhwirira mumishonga yakasiyana-siyana. Inowanikwawo mumasipi ekukosora, mafuta ekuzora, uye suppositories. Mukurapa, glycerol inoshandiswa kurapa kuvimbiwa uye kuderedza kumanikidzwa kwepfungwa muvarwere vane zvirwere zvakaita semeningitis nestroke.
Indasitiri yezvekudya: Glycerol inoshanda semushonga unonyungudutsa, unonyungudutsa, uye unonaka muzvigadzirwa zvekudya. Inobatsira kuchengetedza magadzirirwo uye hunyoro muzvinhu zvakaita semasiwiti, zvinhu zvakabikwa, uye ice cream. Pamusoro pezvo, glycerol inoshandiswa mukugadzira zvinochengetedza chikafu uye zvinonhuhwirira.
Mashandisirwo Emaindasitiri: Glycerol inoshandiswa semafuta uye semushonga unodzivirira kutonhora mumaindasitiri. Inonyanya kukosha mukugadzirwa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzepurasitiki nemaresini.
Ruzivo rweKuchengetedzeka
Glycerol inowanzo zivikanwa seyakachengeteka kushandiswa muzvikafu, zvizoro, uye mishonga. Zvisinei, inogona kukonzera migumisiro isina kusimba yakadai semusoro, dzungu, uye kuzvimba kana ikanwiwa yakawanda. Kana ikashandiswa paganda, glycerol inoshivirira zvakanaka asi inogona kukonzera kutsvuka kana kuvaviwa mune vamwe vanhu. Mukushandiswa kwekurapa, glycerol suppositories uye enemas zvinotenderwa kushandiswa pasina kurairwa neUS FDA.
Kuchengeta uye Kubata
Glycerol inofanira kuchengetwa munzvimbo inotonhorera, yakaoma, kure nezuva rakananga uye kunzvimbo dzinopisa. Zvakakosha kuchengetedza mudziyo wakavharwa zvakasimba kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwehunyoro. Pakushandiswa mumaindasitiri, glycerol inowanzoiswa mumadhiramu kana mumidziyo yakawanda. Maitiro ekubata nekuchengetedza akakosha kuchengetedza mhando uye kuchengetedzeka kwechigadzirwa.
Maitiro Emhando Yepamusoro
Glycerol inotevedzera mitemo yakasimba yemhando yepamusoro kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti yakachena uye yakakodzera kushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana. Masangano akadai seUnited States Pharmacopeia (USP), European Pharmacopoeia (EP), uye Food Chemicals Codex (FCC) akagadzira gwara rekugadzira nekushandisa glycerol. Mitemo iyi inosanganisira zvirevo zvehuwandu hweglycerol, ruvara, hwema, huwandu hwemvura, uye kuvapo kwetsvina yakaita sesimbi dzinorema uye zvinonyungudutsa zvakasara.
Muchidimbu, glycerol imusanganiswa une mabasa akawanda une mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwakasiyana. Nzira dzayo dzekugadzira, kuchengetedzeka kwayo, uye kutevedzera mitemo yemhando yepamusoro zvinoita kuti ive chinhu chakavimbika uye chakakosha mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana.