Gliseroli, izwi kandi nka glycerin cyangwa propane-1,2,3-triol

Glycerol, izwi kandi ku izina rya glycerin cyangwa propane-1,2,3-triol, ni imvange y’umwimerere ikoreshwa mu buryo bwinshi kandi ikoreshwa cyane. Ni amazi adafite ibara, nta mpumuro, afite uburyohe bwiza. Glycerol ni hygroscopic, bivuze ko ikurura kandi igafata molekile z’amazi mu bidukikije. Iyi miterere ituma iba ingenzi mu bikorwa bitandukanye by’inganda, harimo amavuta yo kwisiga, imiti, ibiribwa, n’ibikoresho byo kwiyitaho.

Imitungo

Gliseroli ifite uburemere bwa molekile bungana na 92.09 g/mol. Irashonga cyane mu mazi kandi ifite ubushyuhe bungana na 290°C. Iki kinyabutabire kizwiho ubushyuhe bwinshi n'imiterere yacyo ya hygroscopic, bigatuma igumana ubushuhe neza. Iyi miterere ituma glycerol iba humectant nziza cyane, ishobora kubungabunga ubushuhe mu bicuruzwa bitandukanye.

Uburyo bwo gukora

Gliseroli ishobora gukorwa binyuze mu buryo butandukanye, harimo gukora imiti no gukuramo ibintu karemano. Uburyo bumwe busanzwe burimo gukoresha hydrolysis y'ibinure n'amavuta, bigatuma glyceroli iba nk'ibikomoka kuri glyceroli. Ubundi buryo ni uburyo bwo gukora propylene, burimo ibikorwa nko gukora chlorine no gutanga ogisijeni. Byongeye kandi, glycerol ishobora gukorwa binyuze mu gukora saponification ya triglycerides hamwe na sodium hydroxide, bigatuma glycerol n'isabune biba isoko ikomeye ya glycerol, ikayikora nk'ibikomoka kuri glycerol mu gihe cyo guhindura amavuta y'ibimera.

Porogaramu

Uburyo Glycerol ikora buri ku rwego rwo hejuru bugaragarira mu buryo butandukanye ikoreshwamo mu nganda zitandukanye:

Iby'ubwiza n'ubuvuzi bw'umuntu ku giti cye: Glycerol ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu bikoresho byinshi byo kwisiga, harimo amavuta yo kwisiga, amavuta yo kwisiga, n'ibindi bikoresho byo kwita ku musatsi. Ifasha mu kubungabunga ubushyuhe bw'uruhu no kunoza imiterere n'uburyo bwo gukwirakwira kw'imiti. Nk'uko bitangazwa n'Inama y'Ibicuruzwa byita ku Buntu, glycerol ikoreshwa mu bikoresho byo kwisiga birenga 23.366, akenshi ku kigero cya 99.4%.

Imiti: Gliseroli ikoreshwa nk'umusemburo, isukura, na humectant mu miti itandukanye. Ni igice kandi kirimo sirupe y'inkorora, amavuta yo kwisiga, na suppositories. Mu buvuzi, glycerol ikoreshwa mu kuvura impatwe no kugabanya umuvuduko wo mu bwonko ku barwayi bafite indwara nka meningitis na stroke.

Inganda z'ibiribwa: Gliseroli ikora nk'umusemburo w'ibinyabutabire, umuti uhumanya ikirere, n'uburyohe mu biribwa. Ifasha mu kubungabunga imiterere n'ubushuhe mu bintu nka bombo, ibiryo byokeje, na ice cream. Byongeye kandi, glycerol ikoreshwa mu gukora ibintu bibungabunga ibiribwa n'ibirungo.

Imikoreshereze y'Inganda: Gliseroli ikoreshwa nk'amavuta yo kwisiga no kurwanya ubukonje mu nganda. Ni ingenzi kandi mu gukora ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa plastiki na resins.

Amakuru y'umutekano

Gliserol muri rusange izwiho kuba nziza mu ikoreshwa ry’ibiryo, amavuta yo kwisiga, n’imiti. Ariko, ishobora gutera ingaruka mbi nke nko kuribwa umutwe, kuzungera no kubyimba iyo uyinyoye ku bwinshi. Iyo uyikoresheje ku ruhu, liserol yihanganirwa neza ariko ishobora gutera gutukura cyangwa kuribwa ku bantu bamwe na bamwe. Mu ikoreshwa ry’ubuvuzi, imiti ya glycerol suppositories na enemas byemewe gukoreshwa mu buryo butari ubwa muganga na FDA yo muri Amerika.

Kubika no Gucunga

Gliseroli igomba kubikwa ahantu hakonje kandi humutse, kure y'izuba ryinshi n'isoko ry'ubushyuhe. Ni ngombwa gufunga neza icyo gikoresho kugira ngo hirindwe ko ubushuhe bushobora kwinjiza cyangwa kwanduza. Ku nganda, gliseroli ikunze gupfunyikwa mu macupa cyangwa mu macupa menshi. Uburyo bwiza bwo kuyifata no kuyibika ni ingenzi kugira ngo ibungabunge ireme n'umutekano w'icyo gikoresho.

Amahame y'Ubuziranenge

Glycerol igengwa n'amahame y'ubuziranenge kugira ngo imenyekane ko isukuye kandi ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye. Imiryango nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika nka Pharmacopeia (USP), European Pharmacopoeia (EP), na Food Chemicals Codex (FCC) yashyizeho amabwiriza agenga ikorwa n'ikoreshwa rya glycerol. Aya mahame arimo ibisobanuro ku gipimo cya glycerol, ibara, impumuro, ingano y'amazi, hamwe n'uko imyanda nk'ibyuma biremereye n'ibindi bisigazwa by'amazi.

Muri make, glycerol ni imvange y’imikorere myinshi ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo kuyikoresha bitewe n’imiterere yayo yihariye. Uburyo ikorwamo, umutekano wayo, no kubahiriza amahame y’ubuziranenge bituma iba ikintu cyizewe kandi cy’ingenzi mu nganda zitandukanye.