Nano Hydroxyapatite - for Coating materials, pharmaceutical carriers

Nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) is a nanoscale form of hydroxyapatite, which is the primary mineral component of human bones and teeth. Due to its biocompatibility and osteoconductive properties, nano-HA has found numerous applications in various fields, particularly in dentistry and medicine. Here are some of the key applications of nano-hydroxyapatite:

1. Dental Applications: In dentistry, nano-HA is used for its remineralizing effects on early enamel lesions, which is considered superior to conventional fluoride treatments. It is also effective in reducing tooth sensitivity and has been incorporated into toothpastes and mouthwashes for these purposes. Furthermore, nano-HA is used as an additive to improve the mechanical properties of dental materials such as restorative cements .

2. Orthopedics and Bone Regeneration: In orthopedics, nano-HA is used to repair bone defects, enhance bone growth, and improve the integration of implants with bone tissue. Its osteoconductive properties make it an ideal material for bone graft substitutes and in the development of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering .

3. Periodontology: In periodontal treatments, nano-HA is used to regenerate periodontal bone lost due to disease. It helps in the regeneration of the alveolar bone and improvement of periodontal health .

4. Maxillofacial Surgery: Nano-HA is used in maxillofacial surgeries for the reconstruction of facial bones, orbital reconstruction, and the repair of bone defects resulting from trauma or surgical procedures .

5. Drug Delivery: The nanoscale structure of HA allows for its use as a carrier for drugs, vitamins, and proteins, providing a targeted and controlled release system .

6. Environmental Applications: Nano-HA has been explored for environmental applications, such as the removal of heavy metals and pollutants from wastewater, due to its adsorption properties .

7. Tissue Engineering: In tissue engineering, nano-HA is used as a scaffold material to promote cell growth and tissue regeneration, particularly in bone and dental applications .

8. Cosmetic Surgery: In cosmetic surgery, nano-HA is used for soft tissue augmentation and to improve the aesthetic outcomes of facial procedures.

The versatility of nano-HA, combined with its biocompatibility and ability to integrate with human tissues, makes it a promising material for a wide range of medical and dental applications. Ongoing research continues to explore new methods of synthesis and applications to fully exploit its potential.