Fluoroboric acid, scientifically known as HBF4

Fluoroboric acid, scientifically known as HBF4, is a colorless, odorless, and toxic liquid with a boiling point of 130°C, at which it decomposes . It is completely soluble in water and ethanol, and its molecular weight is 87.81 . This strong Lewis acid is known for its ability to form stable coordination complexes with donor ligands and to protonate a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds, making it a valuable reagent in synthetic chemistry .

Industrially, fluoroboric acid has a variety of applications. It is used in dental implant surface modifications to improve osseointegration and bone formation . It also plays a role in the residue-free wet etching process for ceramic lead zirconate titanate (PZT) to fabricate piezoelectric transducers . Additionally, it is employed in the cleaning of metal surfaces before plating, as a catalyst in the alkylation and polymerization processes, and as a preservative .

Fluoroboric acid is also used in the preparation of diazonium salts, which are crucial in the synthesis of certain dyes and pigments. It serves as a reagent for the determination of sodium in the presence of magnesium and potassium ions and is utilized in organic synthesis as a catalyst .

Safety is a paramount concern with fluoroboric acid due to its corrosive nature. It can cause severe skin burns and eye damage, and it is essential to handle it with extreme care. Protective equipment, including gloves, protective clothing, and eye protection, should be worn when working with this acid . It is also important to work in a well-ventilated area to prevent respiratory irritation . In case of contact with skin or eyes, immediate flushing with water is necessary, followed by seeking medical attention .

In summary, fluoroboric acid is a potent chemical with significant industrial applications, but its use requires strict adherence to safety protocols to mitigate its corrosive and toxic effects.